European Russian Forests by Olga V. Smirnova Maxim V. Bobrovsky & Larisa G. Khanina

Author:Olga V. Smirnova, Maxim V. Bobrovsky & Larisa G. Khanina
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht

Fig. 4.18 Abieto-Piceeto-Tilieta boreo-nemoro-magnoherbosa in the Visimskiy Reserve: (a) Lilium martagon in the background area surrounded by Abies sibirica; (b) patch dominated by Tilia cordata; (c) gap dominated by Aconitum septentrionale with Chamaenerion angustifolium and (d) Campanula latifolia among the other tall herbs in the background area (Photos a, b and d were taken by E. Bakun and photo c was taken by T. Prokazina)

The ecological-coenotic structure of vascular plants calculated for background areas, and total values for pits, mounds and logs was similar (Fig. 4.17 bottom) though some peculiarities should be noted. Boreal species prevailed in all types besides background areas where the proportion of nemoral species was the highest. Overall, fallen logs had the most boreal species, background areas the most nemoral species, pits the most nitrophilous species and boreal tall herbs and mounds the most meadow species (Zaprudina 2012a).

Peculiarities in the floristic composition of microsites caused by treefalls with uprooting in the tall herb dark-coniferous – broad-leaved forests were the following: Most of the herbaceous species occurred in all different types of microsites, but there were several species that occurred only at specific microsites (usually with low abundance values). Diplazium sibiricum , Dryopteris carthusiana and Geum rivale were found only in pits; Actaea spicata and Cicerbita uralensis occurred only on sites between tree crown projections. Ferns occurred more often with higher abundance in pits than in other microsites and some ferns, such as Phegopteris connectilis , Dryopteris carthusiana, Diplazium sibiricum and Cystopteris sudetica , did not occur on patches without treefalls (under groups of adult trees) whereas they often occurred in pits. We did not register any vascular plant species to occur only on fallen logs or on elevations close to tree trunks. Many mosses occurred on different types of the microsites , but some bryophyte species have their preferences. For example, Plagiomnium medium , Pohlia nutans and Rhytidiadelphus subpinnatus occurred on all types of microsites. Ceratodon purpureus , Plagiomnium confertidens and Polytrichum juniperinum were found only on mounds; Lophocolea heterophylla , Plagiothecium laetum , Polytrichastrum longisetum , Rhodobryum roseum and Tetraphis pellucida exclusively occurred on fallen logs.

Seedling, juvenile and immature individuals of most trees and shrubs (Abies sibirica, Betula pubescens, Picea obovata , Salix caprea , Sambucus sibirica , Sorbus sibirica and Tilia cordata) occurred on microsites of all types. However, young individuals of Abies sibirica were more frequent on elevations close to tree trunks; Picea obovata often occurred on fallen logs (Fig. 4.19), Betula pubescens and Sambucus sibirica on mounds, Salix caprea in pits, Sorbus sibirica on sites located between and under tree crown projections. Undergrowth of Pinus sibirica occurred sporadically only on mounds and young individuals of Lonicera xylosteum rarely occurred only on sites between projections of tree crowns.

Fig. 4.19Young individuals of Picea obovata on a fallen log and the spring-growing and – flowering herbs Corydalis solida and Anemone altaica on the ground in the Abieto-Piceeto-Tilieta boreo-nemoro-magnoherbosa in the Sabarskiy Zakaznik (Photo by M. Barinova and O. Barinov)

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