Biomedical Devices by Raymond H. W. Lam & Weiqiang Chen

Author:Raymond H. W. Lam & Weiqiang Chen
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030242374
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

(7.1)

where ρ is the medium density and va is the speed of ultrasound in the medium. The unit of Za is kg m−2 s−2 or Rayl. Typically, the density and ultrasound speed in air are 340 m s−1 and 1.2 kg m−3, respectively. The density and ultrasound speed in soft tissues/bioliquids are ~1600 m s−1 and ~1000 kg m−3, respectively, and the density and ultrasound speed in bones are 3700 m s−1 and 1740 kg m−3, respectively. In other words, the acoustic impedances of the air, skin, and bone are ~0.4 kRayl, ~1.6 MRayl, and 6.43 MRayl, respectively.

The intensity refection coefficient αa is defined as the portion of ultrasound energy reflected at the interface relative to the incident ultrasound energy, with the relation

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