Handbook of the Physics of Thin-Film Solar Cells by Karl W. Böer

Author:Karl W. Böer
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg

With external excitation, or a shift in the carrier distribution by an applied bias, this is no longer necessary. In steady state the total net influx to the center must now equal the net out flux, in order to maintain a constant trap population. Again, with a variation of transition coefficients over many orders of magnitude, one can pick two transitions which are near equal to each other, here, however not necessarily connecting the center to the same band. This identifies different classes of such centers according to the kind of predominant transition.

When the predominant pair of transitions communicates with the same band as, e.g., through e tc and c ct the center is identified as a trap. Customarily, traps close to the conduction band are identified as electron traps and traps close to the valence band as hole traps.

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