The Penguin History of Europe by J. Roberts

Author:J. Roberts
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780141925097
Publisher: Penguin Books Ltd
Published: 2008-11-30T16:00:00+00:00

A NEW ABUNDANCE

Between 1815 and 1848, and again between 1871 and 1914, Europe outside the Balkans enjoyed unprecedentedly long periods of virtually undisturbed peace. War, with its accompaniments of disease and the destruction of economic resources (above all of agricultural production), no longer operated a historic check on population growth as always hitherto. Sometimes war had brought famine, too, another great obstacle to sustained demographic growth. But famine and dearth were becoming less usual as the nineteenth century went on; railways and steamships made it easier to import food. Rising populations in many countries were also populations experiencing higher standards of living. A rise in the average age of death reflected the fact that since more mouths were surviving to be fed, there was more food to feed them than in earlier times.

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