The Official Guide to the TOEFL Test by ETS

Author:ETS
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Publisher: Mc Graw Hill
Published: 2011-11-30T16:57:30+00:00

Authentic TOEFL iBT

Practice Test 1

6

In this chapter you will find the first of two authentic TOEFL IBT Practice Tests. You can take the test in two different ways:

b Using the eBook text and the numbered audio tracks: You can read through the test questions in the following pages, marking

your answers in the spaces provided. To hear the listening por-

tions of the test, follow instructions to play the numbered audio tracks in the downloadable electronic files.

b Using only the downloadable electronic files: For a test-taking experience that more closely resembles the actual TOEFL iBT,

you can take this same test on your computer using the down-

loadable electronic files. Reading passages and questions will

appear on screen, and you can enter your answers by clicking on

the spaces provided. Follow instructions to hear the listening portions of the test.

Following this test, you will find an Answer Key and scoring information. You will also find scripts for the listening portions. Complete answer explanations, as well as sample spoken student responses and student essays, are also provided.

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TOEFL iBT Practice Test 1

READING

Directions: This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English.

The Reading section is divided into separately timed parts.

Most questions are worth 1 point, but the last question for each passage is worth more than 1 point. The directions for the last question indicate how many points you may receive.

You will now begin the Reading section. There are three passages in the section. You should allow 20 Minutes to read each passage and answer the questions about it.

You should allow 60 Minutes to complete the entire section.

At the end of this Practice Test you’ll find explanations of the answers and information to help you determine your score.

NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLITICS IN THE UNITED STATES

The development of the modern presidency in the United States began with Andrew Jackson who swept to power in 1829 at the head of the Democratic Party and served until 1837. During his administration he immeasurably enlarged the power of the presidency. “The President is the direct representative of the American people,” he lectured the Senate when it opposed him. “He was elected by the people, and is responsible to them.” With this declaration, Jackson redefined the character of the presidential office and its relationship to the people.

During Jackson’s second term, his opponents had gradually come together to form the Whig party. Whigs and Democrats held different attitudes toward the changes brought about by the market, banks, and commerce. The Democrats tended to view society as a continuing conflict between “the people”—farmers, planters, and workers—and a set of greedy aristocrats. This “paper money aristocracy” of bankers and investors manipulated the banking system for their own profit, Democrats claimed, and sapped the nation’s virtue by encouraging speculation and the desire for sudden, unearned wealth. The Democrats wanted the rewards of the market without sacrificing the features of a simple agrarian republic. They wanted the wealth that the market offered without the competitive, changing society; the complex dealing; the dominance of urban centers; and the loss of independence that came with it.

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