The clash of fundamentalisms : crusades, jihads and modernity by Ali Tariq

Author:Ali, Tariq
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Islam, Islamic fundamentalism, World politics, Islam, Politiek geweld, Terrorisme, Islam, Imperialisme, Fundamentalisme, Attentats du 11 septembre 2001 (États-Unis), Cause (Histoire), Histoire, Intégrisme islamique, Islam, Politique mondiale, 20e siècle, Christentum, Fundamentalismus, Islam
Publisher: London : Verso
Published: 2003-10-25T16:00:00+00:00

the Eighties. According to his account, the US drew in other powers to the anti-Soviet jihad. Cooley contends that Chinese help was not restricted to the provision of weapons, but extended to the provision of Hstening-posts in Xinjiang, and even dispatch of Uighur volunteers whose costs were covered by the CIA. Some form of Chinese assistance was privately always acknowledged by the generals in Islamabad, though Beijing has never admitted it. Cooley even suggests that the People's Republic has not been immune to the post-Soviet withdrawal syndrome: Islamic militants turning on the powers that armed them. However, the country not mentioned by Cooley is Israel, whose role in Afghanistan remains one of the best-kept secrets of the war. In 1985, Ahmed Mansur, a young Pakistani journalist working for Tfie Muslim, accidentally stumbled across a group of Israeli 'advisers' at the bar of the Intercontinental Hotel in Peshawar. Aware that the news would be explosive for the Zia dictatorship, he informed his editor, some friends and a visiting WTN correspondent. A few days later the mujahidin, alerted by Pakistan's Inter Services Intelligence, captured and killed him.

Cooley also describes a meeting in 1978 in Beirut with Raymond Close, former station chief of the CIA in Saudi Arabia, who clearly charmed him. If he had questioned him more closely, he would have discovered that Close had previously been posted to Pakistan, where his father had been a missionary teacher at the Forman Christian College in Lahore. His son was fluent in Persian, Urdu and Arabic. In nominal retirement, he would have been ideally placed to help orchestrate operations in Afghanistan, and their backup in Pakistan, where the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) functioned as a channel for CIA funding of clandestine activities, and laundered profits from the heroin trade.

Afghanistan itself, a decade after Soviet withdrawal, was stiU awash with factional violence. Veterans of the war helped to destabilise Egypt, Algeria, the Philippines, Sudan, Pakistan, Chechnya, Daghestan and Saudi Arabia. Well before 11 September they had bombed targets in the United States and declared their own war against the Great Satan. Osama bin Laden became the bugbear of US official and popular fantasies only after starting his career as a Saudi building tycoon with links to the CIA. When the Pakistani generals pleaded with the Saudi dynasty to send a princeUng from the royal family to lead the holy war, no volunteers were forthcoming. Osama was sent as a friend of the palace instead. Doing better than expected, he was to

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