Readings in Latin American Modern Art by Patrick Frank

Author:Patrick Frank
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Yale University Press
Published: 2004-11-15T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

1. Museum of Modern Art, Two Cities: City Planning in North and South America, Museum of Modern Art, New York 1947, p. 4.

2. Norma Evenson, “Brasília: ‘Yesterday’s City of Tomorrow’” in H. Wentworth Eldridge (ed.), World Capitals: Toward Guided Urbanization, New York 1975, p. 503.

3. Valerie Fraser, The Architecture of Conquest: Building in the Viceroyalty of Peru 1535-1635, Cambridge 1990, pp. 49-50; James Holston, The Modernist City: An Anthropological Critique of Brasília, Chicago 1989, pp. 201-2.

4. Teresa Meade, “Civilizing” Rio: Reform and Resistance in a Brazilian City 1889-1930, Pennsylvania 1997.

5. Evenson, “Brasília: ‘Yesterday’s City of Tomorrow’,” pp. 472-3.

6. Willy Staübli, Brasília, London 1966, p. 10.

7. Yves Bruand, Arquitetura contemporanea no Brasil, São Paulo 1981, p. 354.

8. Evenson, “Brasília: ‘Yesterday’s City of Tomorrow’,” pp. 474-5.

9. Simon Collier, Harold Blackmore and Thomas Skidmore (eds.), The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Latin America and the Caribbean, Cambridge 1985, p. 272.

10. The dawn image is ubiquitous. For example, the official hymn to Brasília, sanctioned by decree in 1961, and the popular song “Brasília, Capital da Esperança / Brazil, Capital of Hope,” both refer to the city as marking the dawn of a new era: Brasília Tourist Guide, Brasília 1995, p. 12.

11. Staübli, Brasília, p. 131.

12. Juscelino Kubitschek, Por que construi Brasília, Rio de Janeiro 1975, p. 60.

13. William Holford, “Brasília: A New Capital for Brazil,” Architectural Review 122, December 1957, p. 396.

14. Staübli, Brasília, pp. 22-3.

15. Bruand, Arquitetura contemporanea no Brasil, p. 354.

16. Le Corbusier, When the Cathedrals Were White, London 1947, p. 21.

17. Bruand, Arquitetura contemporanea no Brasil, p. 355, n. 24.

18. Holford, “Brasília,” p. 402.

19. Plano Piloto in ibid., p. 399.

20. Holston, The Modernist City, p. 19.

21. Plano Piloto in Holford, “Brasília,” p. 399.

22. Le Corbusier, The City of Tomorrow and Its Planning, London [1924] 1987, p. 13, a text with which Costa was very familiar.

23. Kenneth Frampton, Modern Architecture: A Critical History, London 1985, p. 202.

24. In the popular imagination of the 1950s there were those who viewed Brasília as fit only for Indians. Holston quotes from a samba of 1958: “I’m not going to Brasília … I’m not an Indian or anything; I don’t have a pierced ear,” Holston, The Modernist City, p. 321 n. 12.

25. Brasília Tourist Guide, p. 4.

26. Plano Piloto in Holford, “Brasília,” p. 400.

27. No one seems to have commented on one of the accompanying sketches: a triangular plaza with buildings that correspond closely to those later designed by Niemeyer. The sketch is labelled “Forum de palmeiras imperiaes proposto em 1936 por Le Corbusier / Forum of imperial palms proposed in 1936 by Le Corbusier.” The Praça dos Tres Poderes would therefore seem to be lifted directly from something Le Corbusier suggested while he was in Rio in 1936, which would support the story told to Geoffrey Broadbent.

28. Plano Piloto in Holford, “Brasília,” p. 399

29. Holford, “Brasília,” p. 396.

30. Staübli, Brasília, p. 22.

31. Ibid., p. 23.

32. Quoted in Art in Revolution: Soviet Art and Design since 1917, Hayward Gallery, London 1971, p. 22.

33. NOVACAP, Relatório do Plano Piloto de Brasília, Brasília 1991, p.

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