Project Management : A Conceptual Approach to Problems and Solutions by Dwivedi Er. Abhishek & Siddiqui Dr. N.A

Author:Dwivedi, Er. Abhishek & Siddiqui, Dr. N.A. [Dwivedi, Er. Abhishek]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Om SaiTech Books
Published: 2020-09-25T00:00:00+00:00

10 Project Resource Allocation and

Probabilistic Networking

Introduction, Resource Allocation, Probabilistic Network.

10.1 INTRODUCTION

Every project consists of number of activities. There may be activities which are to be performed simultaneously and may require common resources. The requirement of resources to execute these simultaneous activities may exceed the available resources. However, at some other period of the execution of the same project, there may be very few activities which may require these resources. Hence the requirement of a particular type of resource may not be uniform during the project duration.

Every management wants to allocate the limited resources to various activities in such a manner that there is best possible use of resources at disposal. PERT and CPM techniques provide valuable guidelines for most systematic and economic allocation of resources. The presence of slack or float for some of the activities enables the management to delay that activity for some time and use these resources to some more urgent activities on critical path. The resource allocation procedure consists of two main activities namely resource smoothing and resource leveling.

There are many activities in a project requiring varying level of resources. In the resource leveling process, the activities are so re-scheduled that the maximum or peak resources requirement does not exceed the limit of available resources. The available resources should, however, not be less than the maximum number of quantity required for any activity of the project. In re-scheduling, the available floats are first used. In by doing so, the resources demand is more than the available resources, the duration of some of the activities is increased so that the resources requirements for these activities is decreased. Thus in the source leveling process, the project duration, initially planned, might be increased.

10.2 RESOURCE ALLOCATION

Every project consists of number of activities. There may be activities which are to be performed simultaneously and may require common resources. The requirement of resources to execute these simultaneous activities may exceed the available resources. However, at some other period of the execution of the same project, there may be very few activities which may require these resources. Hence, the requirement of a particular type of resource may not be uniform during the project duration.

Every management wants to allocate the limited resources to various activities in such a manner that there is best possible use of resources at disposal. PERT and CPM techniques provide valuable guidelines for most systematic and economic allocation of resources. The presence of slack or float for some of the activities enables the management to delay the activities for some time and use these resources to some more urgent activities on critical path. The resource allocation procedure consists of two main activities namely Resource Levelling and Resource Smoothing.

10.2.1 Resource Levelling

Resource leveling means uniform rate of resource utilization throughout the duration of project. The utilization of resources can be leveled by shifting the starting time of a non critical activity. A non critical activity can be executed any time between its earliest start time and latest completion time if its total float is equal to its free float.

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