Olympic Legacies: Intended and Unintended by J.A. Mangan & Mark Dyreson

Author:J.A. Mangan & Mark Dyreson
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Routledge

Acknowledgements

The authors thank Dr Wayne Wilson, the Vice President for Education Services and the Director of the Paul Ziffren Sports Resource Center at the LA84 Foundation in Los Angeles, for his invaluable help in locating sources for this essay.

Notes

[1]

Bill Henry, the Los Angeles Times sports editor who helped to stage the 1932 Olympics made that claim in the aftermath of the first Los Angeles games. Kenneth Reich, a Los Angeles Times scribe who covered the 1984 Olympics in more detail than any other beat reporter, offered similar sentiments in the aftermath of the second Los Angeles games. Henry, An Approved History of the Olympics; Reich, Making It Happen.

[2]

A series of recent articles have argued that Los Angeles deserves more credit for pouring the foundation for the Berlin Olympics. Dinces, ‘Padres on Mount Olympus’, 137–66; Dyreson, ‘Marketing National Identity’, 23–48; Keys, ‘Spreading Peace, Democracy, and Coca Cola®’, 165–96; White, ‘The Los Angeles Way of Doing Things’, 79–116. Standard histories credit Los Angeles in 1984 with changing the Olympic template. Senn, Power, Politics, and the Olympic Games, 202; Wilson, ‘Los Angeles 1984’, 207–15.

[3]

Bill Dwyre, ‘L.A. and the Olympics Were a Golden Match’, Los Angeles Times, 30 March 2006.

[4]

Gregory Rodriguez, ‘Nothing Says Pretend Like a Palm Tree’, Los Angeles Times, 15 Aug. 2007.

[5]

Peter King, ‘Under the Unlovely L.A. Palms’, Los Angeles Times, 28 Jan. 1992.

[6]

Robert Smaus, ‘An Urban Forest by 1984’, Los Angeles Times, 25 July 1982; Josine Ianco-Starrels, ‘Frond Memories of L.A.’s Palm Trees’, Los Angeles Times, 29 July 1984; Cassy Cohen, ‘Wilshire Boulevard–The Palms’, Los Angeles Times, 18 Nov. 1984; Mark Ehrman, ‘Palm Latitudes’, Los Angeles Times, 29 Sept. 1991.

[7]

In fact, another American city, Chicago, inaugurated the modern bid process in its quest for the 1904 Olympics that eventually went to St Louis. Chicago's efforts to woo the IOC included the use of documents that very closely resemble the now standard ‘bid books’ that provide a basic outline for a city's campaign to win the games. Chicago also had the first organized bid committee in Olympic history. Evidence of Chicago's pioneering efforts will soon be published by the noted Olympic scholar, John J. MacAloon. Personal conversation with John J. MacAloon, 30 March 2008, Oxford, England.

[8]

MacAloon, This Great Symbol; Guttmann, The Olympics; Senn, Power, Politics, and the Olympic Games.

[9]

Ibid.

[10]

For an interesting biography of Garland, see the appendix to the legal documents contained ‘In the Matter of the Funds Realized from the Olympic Games held in California in 1932’. Legal Documents, Paul Ziffren Sports Library, Archives of the Amateur Athletic Federation, Los Angeles, California. See also William May Garland at htt­p:/­/ww­w.r­eal­tor­.or­g/v­lib­rar­y.n­sf/­pag­es/­pre­sid­ent­191­7 (accessed 25 Jan. 2008).

[11]

Davis, City of Quartz; Fogelson, The Fragmented Metropolis; Starr, Material Dreams; Sitton, Metropolis in the Making; Caughey, Los Angeles; Tygiel, The Great Los Angeles Swindle.

[12]

By the US census rankings of 1900, Los Angeles ranked thirty-sixth among the nation's cities, with a bit more than 100,000 inhabitants. By 1910, it had grown to seventeenth, at more than 300,000. In 1920, it ranked tenth, with more than half a million people. By 1930, Los Angeles had shot up to fifth, with 1.

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