Lying and Lie Detection by John Kiriakou

Author:John Kiriakou
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781510756144
Publisher: Skyhorse
Published: 2022-01-15T00:00:00+00:00

Interrogations, Identity and General Observations

THERE ARE VARIOUS TYPES OF INTERROGATIONS, but the selection of a specific type must be a function of the nature of the investigation it is to support. If the target of the investigation is thought to be a spy, there will be a set of complications requiring not only questioning but extensive research. The basic task of determining who the suspect is brings an assortment of challenges. This is much more than a mere identity check. The fact that a person can show apparently valid documents does not tell you who that person really is. Documents can always be fabricated even in our age of sophisticated technologies. Going beyond this requires a detailed process known as backgrounding, something that is not associated with criminal investigations. Through backgrounding it is possible to determine if you are dealing with a real person who can be identified, rather than a social fiction created by digital deceptions.

If you encounter a childhood friend, someone you have known since you were in kindergarten, it is possible that your lives have moved in different directions in terms of professions, education, and family circumstances. You may find that you no longer have common interests or experiences. When you get beyond discussing your elementary school teachers, the discussion will end. You no longer know each other and your old friend is now a stranger. One purpose of the special background investigation is to explore those experiences and associations that make you who you are and distinguish you from who you used to be.

Backgrounding explores the historical dimension of the individual. You as an adult are no longer the person you might have been as a teenager because identity is constantly evolving. As an adult, you would not want to be evaluated on the basis of you the high school student. The immature qualities you exhibited in high school will likely be dormant in you the adult. An identity can be manufactured but for it to have reality, there are certain characteristics that must adhere to an individual. One of those characteristics might be a commitment to an ideology or loyalty to the state. These are matters that require a prolonged investigation which will not be easily completed by the collection of mere documents. Because a human being can have many identities, the investigator must determine which identity is still embraced by a particular person. In order to determine the suspect’s loyalty, the investigator must sift through a mountain of facts—both relevant and irrelevant—to determine if he has caught a spy.

There are numerous components of human identity that must be examined as part of the process of a background investigation. It would start with the person’s name. In many societies, there is a belief that if someone knows your real name, they possess part of your soul. Therefore, in such societies, people are reluctant to share the complete real name. A name can even tell part of your history in the manner of long Spanish names that indicate the various families in your background.

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