Low-Energy Processes for Unconventional Oil Recovery by Reza Fassihi;Tony Kovscek;

Author:Reza Fassihi;Tony Kovscek;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: SPE

7.11 Performance Estimation

Once air injection begins, the temperature data from observation wells along with gas composition, oil production, and air injection can be used to estimate future production and monitor the success of the ISC.

7.11.1 Nelson and McNeil Methodology. Nelson and McNeil (1961) provided the basic concepts for estimating the average behavior of ISC in a field. Their proposed equations, which are based on “frontal displacement,” were discussed previously.

7.11.2 Gates-Ramey Correlation. A simple method to consider the frontal displacement, thermally aided gravity drainage, steam distillation, oil swelling and viscosity reduction, and other significant mechanisms ahead of and adjacent to the burning front was proposed by Gates and Ramey (1980). The South Belridge field test was one of the first tests conducted in California using a single 2.5-acre five-spot pattern in the 700-ft-deep Tulare sand containing a 12.9 °API oil. Aside from being a technically successful test, it was the learning tool for many new projects. Gates and Ramey used the results of this test to develop the “oil recovery vs. volume burned” (ORVB) method. It indicates that the AOR passes through a minimum and that oil is recovered more rapidly than is indicated by a simple frontal displacement.

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