Leading Change From the Middle: A Practical Guide to Building Extraordinary Capabilities by Jackson Nickerson

Author:Jackson Nickerson [Nickerson, Jackson]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Management Science, Organizational Behavior, Public Affairs & Administration, Political Science, Business & Economics, General
ISBN: 9780815725220
Google: zKOgAwAAQBAJ
Publisher: Brookings Institution Press
Published: 2014-05-09T10:37:09+00:00

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1. For an analysis of how coworker location affects the frequency of communication, see Thomas Allen and Gunter Henn, The Organization and Architecture of Innovation: Managing the Flow of Technology (Oxford: Elsevier, 2007).

2. A recent publication on the microfoundations of problem formulation describes the biases and impediments that are common in team approaches to this task. The research also provides a practical means of overcoming these biases and impediments. See Markus Baer, Kurt Dirks, and Jack Nickerson, “Microfoundations of Strategic Problem Formulation,” Strategic Management Journal 34 (July 2012): 197–214.

3. Many problem-solving processes are based on the idea of rapid prototyping and gaining feedback from customers, as becomes evident from an Internet search of the terms “design thinking” and “agile development.”

4. For a description of collaborative structured inquiry, see Baer, Dirks, and Nickerson, “Microfoundations of Strategic Problem Formulation.”

5. “Crowd sourcing” is a term coined in 2005 by two editors at Wired magazine. It refers to the technique of soliciting solutions to a problem from a large number of individuals—a crowd. Crowd sourcing, with many variations, is becoming more widely adopted.

6. Ideo, a design firm in Palo Alto, California, has done much to popularize anthropology for business. To learn more, browse the Internet for “business anthropology.” Many written and video sources on the subject can also be found at sites relating to “Ideo.”

7. Internet sites that discuss “community process for problem solving” provide many different approaches and resources.

8. Gift Exchange is a specific aspect of a more general law of reciprocity in which a positive action is rewarded with another positive action. Reciprocity behavior has been documented around the globe in practically all societies and therefore is viewed as a foundational element of humankind. An additional aspect of reciprocity is that negative actions—those that harm others—also are rewarded with another negative action.

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