Integrated Planning of Heat Flows in Production Systems by Denis Kurle

Author:Denis Kurle
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer International Publishing, Cham

4.4.2.1 Compressor Model (B1)

The vast majority of all manufacturing facilities rely on compressed air (CA) (U.S.D. of Energy 2014; I. XENERGY 2001). It is used to transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. Yet, a state of the art CA system is only about 11 efficient (Foss 2005). As a consequence, CA systems account for a significant amount of wasted utility payments which is why it is often considered as the most expensive and inefficient form of energy (Yuan et al. 2006; Saidur et al. 2010). Although, CA systems usually comprise preparation and treatment units (e.g. filters, dehumidifier), distributing parts (e.g. pipes, tanks) and the actual end user (e.g. a machine), the CA generation itself via single or multiple compressors account for a major share of industrial energy demand (Ruppelt 2003). Due to the high energy demand and the CA generation inherent inefficiencies, a model for the CA generation is proposed to derive related (waste) heat potentials. In that regards, the model considers the impacts of different PPC control strategies and involved machines on the power demand of the compressor and system pressure , similar to Thiede (2012), Mousavi et al. (2014) and Schönemann (2017).

Abstraction and Modeling

The CA generation model describes a single compressor because it is the main component of the CA generation supplying air with a defined system pressure.23 In this context, the system pressure states the reference variable which must be provided through the compressor operation. The condition of the compressed air in a system24 is commonly simplified by assuming an isotherm process change between state 1 and 2. Thus, the system behavior only depends on the respective pressure and volume according to Eq. 4.17.

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