Ethnicity and Democratisation in the New Europe by Karl Cordell

Author:Karl Cordell [Cordell, Karl]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Political Science, Political Ideologies, Democracy, Social Science, Discrimination
ISBN: 9780415173124
Google: 4osMjz_VfXwC
Goodreads: 4558065
Publisher: Routledge
Published: 1998-11-05T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

1 In Austrian censuses, population is not classified according to ethnic origin, but according to the language of communication. Some estimates claim that there are several times more Slovenes in Austria than is revealed by the census data. According to the 1991 population census there were 16,000 Slovenians in Carinthia. In other words, 16,000 people gave Slovenian as their mother tongue.

2 The Carinthian plebiscite took place on 10 October 1920. 15,279 (40.96 per cent) voted for Yugoslavia, and 22,025 (59.04 per cent) for Austria.

3 Supporters of the KHD carried out attacks against Carinthian Slovenes during and after the plebiscite. They advocated increased German settlement in Southern Carinthia, and were involved in the falsification of census data regarding the language of communication. Even before the Anschluss of 1938, the KHD contained influential Carinthian Nazis and after the annexation the first secretary became a member of the provincial government. He then organised the deportation of about 200 Carinthian Slovene families. The KHD was active until the end of the Second World War. After the war, only the SPÖ was consistent in its demand that it be banned. After the signing of the Austrian State Treaty in 1955, it was re-established despite it being technically illegal. Today it rather fancifully claims a membership of around 100,000 and is linked to other ultra-rightist organisations in Austria.

4 Article 7 of the Austrian State Treaty (1955) defined the rights of the Slovene and Croatian minorities in Austria.

5 In 1972, the socialist government of Bruno Kreisky adopted The Law on Bilingual Topographic Inscriptions. The implementation of this law triggered attacks by the KHD against the few bilingual inscriptions erected by the authorities. In the face of public hostility the SPÖ then backed down from its previous support for bilingualism in southern Carinthia

6 According to the 1910 census in the autochthonous Slovene region of Austrian Styria there were 2,644 persons who used Slovenian as their language of communication among a total of 5,146 Slovenian speakers in the entire province. The number has drastically decreased in the intervening years until, according to the 1991 census, there were only 246 Slovenian speakers left. According to the estimates of the Slovene Article Seven Association, there are today in Austrian Styria anything from 3,000 to 5,000 bilingual inhabitants.

7 At the Land elections of 1965, the NCCS stood as the Carinthian Electoral Community. This decision marked the parting of the ways for the NCCS and the ÖVP. By the elections of 1986, the NCCS had switched its support to the left-oriented GAL.

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