Cognitive Work Analysis by Stanton Neville A. Salmon Paul M. Walker Guy Jenkins Daniel P

Author:Stanton, Neville A.,Salmon, Paul M.,Walker, Guy,Jenkins, Daniel P.
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: CRC Press LLC
Published: 2017-05-13T04:00:00+00:00

10

Conducting Cognitive Work Analysis with an Experiment in Mind

Sean W. Kortschot, Cole Wheeler, Aimzhan Zhunussova and Greg A. Jamieson

Contents

10.1Introduction

10.1.1The Power Plant

10.1.2Nuclear Control Room Displays

10.2Analysis

10.2.1Experimental Design

10.2.2Scenario Selection

10.2.3Breadth and Depth of Analysis

10.2.4Work Domain Analysis

10.2.5Control Task Analysis and Strategies Analysis

10.3Results: EID Displays

10.4Discussion

References

10.1Introduction

Nuclear power accounts for an estimated 21% of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries’ total energy production (World Nuclear Association, 2015). Although nuclear represents a viable option for large-scale carbon-free power production, the potential consequences of disaster are severe, with the radiation from accidents such as Fukushima and Chernobyl still being felt today (Fushiki, 2013). Although nuclear accidents can occur for a variety of reasons, post-accident reports from Chernobyl, the Three-Mile Island accident and Fukushima found that human error either directly contributed to the accident (Meshkati, 1998; Lau et al., 2012) or significantly exacerbated the accident’s impact (Suzuki, 2014). Consequently, designers have placed a much greater emphasis on understanding and improving the ways in which the human operators interact with and control nuclear power plants. One of the signature features of this improvement in recent years has been the inclusion of large screen displays (LSDs) in the control room (Myers and Jamieson, 2013).

LSDs are typically wall-mounted displays that enable multiple control room operators to share a common point of reference (Myers and Jamieson, 2013). LSDs are postulated to improve both operator situation awareness (SA), and collaboration and communication within operating teams (Roth et al., 1998). Although these claims seem intuitively logical, an operating experience review by Myers and Jamieson (2013) revealed (1) that there is little empirical evidence substantiating their inclusion in nuclear control rooms and (2) that there has been minimal research directed at evaluating what information content and structure best evoke these postulated benefits. Our work attempts to amend these gaps in the literature by conducting an experiment that will (1) investigate how effective LSDs perform in relation to other display types and (2) investigate different methods for displaying plant parameters on those LSDs.

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