Antennas and Propagation for Body-Centric Wireless Communications, Second Edition by Hall Peter S

Author:Hall, Peter S. [Hall, Peter S.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Artech House
Published: 2012-11-01T00:00:00+00:00

Table 5.13 shows the system outage percentage for different parts of body at the threshold of 1.0 × 10−3 for transmitter on the waist and receivers on the body. From the table, it is evident that highest system outage percentage (38.77%) is obtained for the trunk case, making it an unfavorable location for body-worn sensors when compared to other body parts. The lowest value of system outage (3.57%) is obtained for leg case. The optimum location is the lower part of legs, where outage is 0%. This makes the lower leg the most favorable location for putting sensors on the body due to the fact that strong reflections from the ground enhances the link and hence overall system performance is improved. The most common application for sensor on legs is for an athlete’s performance monitoring. The nominal value of system outage for the head case, as compared to other body parts, make it second optimum location after legs for putting sensors on the body for on-body communications.

Off-Body System-Level Modeling

Figure 5.43 shows the off-body (when Tx is on the wall at a waist height and at a distance of 100 cm from the human body) BER performance for the upper and lower part of trunk. It is demonstrated that the lower part of the trunk is more stable, which means BER is less than 1.0×10−3 for most of Rx locations as compared to the upper part of the trunk. This is contrary to the on-body communications as discussed above due to the fact that the lower part of the trunk is at exactly the same level of transmitter on the wall, thus making direct LOS and hence improves the overall system performance by improving BER behavior.

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