Ammonius: Interpretation of Porphyry's Introduction to Aristotle's Five Terms by Michael Chase;

Author:Michael Chase; [Chase, Michael]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781350089242
Publisher: Bloomsbury UK
Published: 2019-07-15T00:00:00+00:00

Porphyry promised to teach about the matters at hand in a more logical way 20.

Here too, however, he wishes to teach, from the differences, some things that contribute to the definitional and divisional method. Thus, he says that of specific differences some are constitutive, others divisive, not different ones in each case, but 99,1 the same ones become constitutive in one respect, divisive in another, when they are taken up in different ways. For rational and irrational, and mortal and immortal, are differences of animal, and they are divisive, for animal is divided into them. But when the ones that can be combined are taken together, 5 such as rational and mortal, they become differences that are constitutive of the human being, for they constitute and complete its nature. It is thus clear that the divisive differences are useful for the divisive method, since it is by them that the divisions of genera into species take place, while the constitutive ones [are useful] for the definitional [method], since definitions are from genera and differences such 10 as these.

It should be known that when they are combined, these [differences] produce four combinations,214 three of which exist and one of which is non-existent. For instance, let there be rational and irrational, mortal and immortal. Now rational and mortal exists, for it is a human being, while a god is rational and immortal, a horse is irrational and mortal, but there is nothing irrational and immortal. There is debate about 15 the remaining combination, I mean that of irrational and immortal, whether it exists and there is something irrational and immortal, as the poet seems to say about Scylla:

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