A Global History of Relocation in Counterinsurgency Warfare by Edward J Erickson;

Author:Edward J Erickson; [Неизв.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Bloomsbury UK

7

From the Pale:

The Russians and the Jews

LtCol Kevin D. Glathar

In fact, a survey sent to leading army officials (Russian) found that nearly all of them shared a presupposition that Jews were disloyal and should be treated as spies.

ERIC LOHR, The Russian Army and the Jews 1

Introduction

The 1964 musical ‘Fiddler on the Roof’ by Jerry Bock continues to enjoy a global audience. Based on the book by Joseph Stein, son of Jewish immigrants from Poland, this story captures the essence of the relocation of the Jewish population living in the Settlement of Pale by the Russian Army (Map 7). Like many other civilian populations affected by the First World War, Jews in Russia were caught between their religion and their Orthodox Christian rulers. However, the Jews in the Pale had been living in this precarious position for literally centuries before the war began.2 Surrounded by a zealous Russian Orthodox Christian population, the Jews in the Pale had been marginalized for years in the wake of increasing anti-Semitism seeded by the Reformation and Enlightenment. Many historians argue the Pale, and specifically the plight of the Jewish population inhabiting this area, was a result of economic and nationalistic factors instead of anti-Semitism. Regardless of reasons, the Jewish inhabitants of the Pale in 1914 were a primary focus for the Russian civilian leadership, and more so, the army because Jews in the Pale had generally been viewed as unaccepting of the Czarist-ruled Russian Empire. Moreover, the impending invasion of the German army exaggerated this view point assigning further the label of spies to Jews in the Pale. This chapter describes the Russian army policies and directives that called for the forced relocation of no less than 300,000 Jews from Western Russia.3

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