The Growth of International Business (RLE International Business) by CASSON Mark;

Author:CASSON, Mark;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Group

Notes

1

This chapter adopts the ‘threshold’ definition of the MNE as an enterprise which engages in production financed by foreign direct investment. According to Who Owns Whom, the number of such enterprises was over 12,000 in 1978.

2

A selection of these is listed in Dunning (1981a) pp. 42–5, 70–1 and 103–108.

3

I recognise that the foreign direct capital stake (a partial input measure) may not always mirror accurately foreign production (an output measure). But until fairly recently, apart from some details of numbers of the leading MNEs and their affiliates, these were the only data available. Note, too, that part of the foreign capital stake, particularly of European countries, took the form of expatriate, entrepreneurial or syndicate investment rather than branch plant activity of firms.

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