Radiation Applications by Hisaaki Kudo

Author:Hisaaki Kudo
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Publisher: Springer Singapore, Singapore

14.2 History of Experiments of Local Irradiation of Cells with Microbeams

Experiments of pinpoint irradiation of cells have 2 historical meanings. Such experiments were originally devised as a means of conducting radio-microsurgery experiments to examine functions of cell structures by deliberately damaging part of them and later started to be used also as a means of identifying the most radiation-sensitive parts of cells.

14.2.1 Early Years of Local Irradiation Experiments

According to the summary presented by R.E. Zirkle [8], the first experiments were non-microbeam-based ones in which only the surfaces of such samples as Pteris multifida (fern) spores, epidermal cells of onions, sea urchin eggs, and Zygnemataceae (charophyte) were irradiated with radiations whose ranges were known such as α-particles. These were followed by an experiment in which only portions of the samples were irradiated with α-particles, X-rays, or ultraviolet rays with the other portions of the samples shielded with an appropriate shield. This experiment showed that the effects on cell division varied depending on the irradiated portion. Figure 14.1 shows a conceptual diagram of these irradiation methods.

Fig. 14.1Conceptual diagram of local irradiation with particle beams with invariable ranges (such as α-particles) using a shield

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