Misdemeanorland by Kohler-Hausmann Issa

Author:Kohler-Hausmann, Issa
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Princeton University Press
Published: 2018-03-12T04:00:00+00:00

Dynamic Marking

The Broken Windows policing regime has resulted in more arrests but fewer convictions. This means that the people targeted by these policing tactics, largely young men of color, have increasingly experienced cycles of temporary marks, such as open cases or conditional dismissals, or marks of limited accessibility, such as noncriminal convictions from misdemeanor arrests. To illustrate, compare the five-year trajectories of those individuals who received their first MJACD in the years 1980–81 and 1985–86 with those receiving their first MJACD in the height of the Broken Windows regime during the years 2000–2001 and 2005–6.

A strikingly similar proportion of the pre– and post–Broken Windows MJACD cohorts were not rearrested within five years of the initiating MJACD disposition: 43 percent of the combined 1980–81/85–86 cohorts had no later criminal arrests, and 46 percent of the combined 2000–2001/05–6 cohorts had no later criminal arrests within five years. But the average outcomes for those who did experience another arrest varied substantially, most strikingly in misdemeanorland. Figure 4.3 counts all arrests experienced by cohort pairs (for those that had one or more rearrest post-MJACD) at any point within five years after entering the cohort separately by type (misdemeanor versus felony) and by disposition—no conviction, violation conviction, misdemeanor conviction, felony conviction—and displays the disposition patterns from all of the misdemeanor and felony arrests, separately for the 1980–81/85–86 and 2000–2001/05–6 cohorts. The relative sizes of the shaded portions show the proportion of each arrest type that ended in each type of disposition. What this figure means experientially for the people who traversed misdemeanorland is that a much higher proportion of the cohorts entering with an MJACD during the Broken Windows regime experienced one or more later misdemeanor arrests that did not terminate in a conviction.

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