Dialogical Planning in a Fragmented Society by Thomas L. Harper Stanley Stein

Author:Thomas L. Harper, Stanley Stein [Thomas L. Harper, Stanley Stein]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9780882851792
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Transaction Publishers
Published: 2005-10-15T00:00:00+00:00

B. A Flexible, Nonhierarchical Process

Our studies of decision-making situations have led us to realize that principles and definitions need not come first (chapter 11). Practical decisions on appropriate actions don’t require agreement on metaphysical questions (or governing principles, or meta-narratives) regarding the nature of the person, of society, of the city, or of the environment. Instead we should seek agreement on only those practical concepts needed to take concrete action to deal with the particular problems we want to address.

When facing beliefs framed in seemingly incompatible concepts (about the environment, for example), we should try to keep the dialogue in flux. We should strive to set forth these beliefs and concepts, using more neutral terms that are not categorical, value-laden, normative, abstract, or overly general.

In other words, we might reverse the order usually believed to be a necessary precondition to meaningful conflict resolution. We do not attempt to define [what are thought to be] essential terms, nor to provide foundational principles. These processes should be very fluid, flexible, and adaptive; decision makers should not necessarily start by seeking underlying principles or identifying interests. Instead, principles, considered situational judgments, general theories, background normative theories, and background empirical theories should all be explored to find what is shared. Disagreements should then be examined and debated in light of what is shared in an effort to broaden the agreement as much as possible. Thus, change can start with any of these elements.

As soon as it becomes apparent that there is no consensus on an issue, it should be put aside, perhaps in favor of talking about something smaller, narrower, and more concrete. If important central notions such as “the environment” are used, they should be left intentionally vague. If we arrive at successful definition, it will be at the end of the process, not at the beginning.

A successful process will not just paper over difference; it will not just change labels; it will (not even) just change beliefs: The result will be a reconfiguration or reframing of the very terms of the debate. This reframing will generate new concepts and new views of the issues. In the process, anything may change; everything is up for grabs. This is the stuff of great dreams and great plans—unspectacular as it may seem.

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