Data Architecture (for Duc ka) by Pramod Sadalage and Premanand Chandrasekaran

Author:Pramod Sadalage and Premanand Chandrasekaran
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: O'Reilly Media, Inc.
Published: 2025-08-13T00:00:00+00:00

Figure 2-10. State-based model: Simplified order processing sequence

However, as the business expanded and the volume of transactions increased, the limitations of this approach became apparent. State-based models inherently discard previous states when an update occurs, making it impossible to reconstruct how the system arrived at its current state. This introduced several bottlenecks:

Loss of historical context — Since only the latest state is retained, answering questions about past changes becomes difficult. For example, Penultimate Markets could not easily determine when an order transitioned from Paid to Shipped or how many payment attempts were made before an order was confirmed.

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