Chemical Quality Assurance of Milk and Milk Products by Kamal Gandhi & Rajan Sharma & Priyae Brath Gautam & Bimlesh Mann

Author:Kamal Gandhi & Rajan Sharma & Priyae Brath Gautam & Bimlesh Mann
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9789811541674
Publisher: Springer Singapore

Acid Detergents

The acid detergents are used to remove the milk stone, scaling due to the deposition of calcium and magnesium carbonates. They are more effective against bacteria than alkaline detergents. The most common type of acid detergents are nitric acid, phosphoric acid. Nitric acid removes milk stones by attacking proteins. It has the ability to form chromium oxide on the surface of equipment made of stainless steel (contains chromium) thus preventing the leaching of iron into the milk. It is generally used at a concentration of 1–1.5%. Phosphoric acid also removes milk stones and is used at a concentration of 2–3%. Addition of an acid-stable surfactant improves its cleaning performance. Generally, commercial aqueous blends of acid detergents contains nitric acid (5–30%) and phosphoric acid (15–40%). Nowadays enzymes like lipases and proteases are also added to the detergent mixture which enhances the removal of milk deposits of protein, lactose, or minerals.

The strength of a washing or cleaning solution is expressed in terms of NaOH. The strength of the alkali solution used for cleaning is generally maintained between 0.5 and 2% depending on the type of cleaning surface. The repeated use of washing solutions in automatic machines gets diluted or before the use of a new cleaning solution, checking of its strength is important. The strength of the cleaning solution in terms of its alkalinity or acidity is determined by titrating a known amount of the cleaning solution with an acid or a base.

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