Applied chemistry; an elementary text book for secondary schools by Peters Fredus Nelson 1864-

Author:Peters, Fredus Nelson, 1864- [from old catalog]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Tags: Chemistry
Publisher: St. Louis, C. V. Mosby company
Published: 1922-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

two gases are carried away from the source of heat they recombine to form ammonium chloride. Thus,

NH 4 C1 ?± NH 3 + HC1.

Again, iodine vapor, below 700° C. shows a density of about 127 compared to hydrogen or a molecular weight of 254, which indicates I 2 for the formula. Above 700° C. the density rapidly decreases and at about 1,700 it is only half what it was at 700. The same thing has occurred as in the case of the nitrogen peroxide and may be represented thus,

I 2 *± 21.

Many others might be given. Such cases are spoken of as dissociation by heat.

10. Dissociation by Solution. —As heat may be the means of dissociating substances, so it is believed liquids may be. When this occurs it is called dissociation by solution, or ionization. Because of the fact that dissociation by solution permits of conductivity and the electrolysis of the substance dissolved, it is often called electrolytic dissociation, but it must be remembered that electricity has nothing to do with the dissociation. Further, since in dissociation by this means the particles formed are able to be attracted to the electrodes of an electric circuit, they are believed to be electrically charged; hence, an equation representing the results of the dissociation of potassium chloride in water would be thus,

KC1^K + C1, and of zinc sulphate,

ZuSO, *± Zn + SO,.

These electrically charged particles, whether atoms or groups of atoms, arc called ions, from a Greek word

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