The Tunguska Mystery by Vladimir Rubtsov & Edward Ashpole

Author:Vladimir Rubtsov & Edward Ashpole
Language: eng
Format: mobi, epub, azw3, pdf
Tags: Research, Astrophysics, Body, Tunguska Meteorite, UFOs & Extraterrestrials, Meteorites, Mind & Spirit, Russia (Federation), Astronomy, Siberia, Springer, ISBN-13: 9780387765730, Science, Sightings and Encounters, Physics, History, Nuclear Explosions, Technology & Engineering, Unidentified Flying Objects, Curiosities and Wonders, General, Explosions
ISBN: 9780387765730
Publisher: Springer
Published: 2008-12-01T00:00:00+00:00

duration of the effect. The TSB had exploded in the lower atmo-

sphere, at a height less than 10 km, where high-temperature plasma

can exist only several minutes before it recombines.14

168 The Tunguska Mystery

But Ivanov himself, trying to exorcize from his calculations the

evil spirit of nuclear reactions, created a very unconvincing model of

the Tunguska geomagnetic effect. He believed that it could have

been due to the thermal ionization of the ionosphere. Yes, if some

volume of the rarified air of the ionosphere (which is, of course,

already ionized by solar radiation) is heated up to the temperature

of 6,000–7,0008C it would be additionally ionized. But what could

have raised the temperature of the air so much? According to Kim

Ivanov, it was the blast wave of the Tunguska explosion that

had such a high temperature and therefore must have heated the

ionospheric air. Alexey Zolotov did, however, demonstrate – math-

ematically and by referring to direct measurements from nuclear

tests – that the Tunguska blast wave could not be so hot. In fact,

even the blast wave of a powerful thermonuclear explosion has the

temperature of 6,0008C at a distance of 1.5 km from the center of the

explosion. And its temperature decreases very swiftly with distance.

Thus, in the ionosphere the temperature of the blast wave of the

Tunguska explosion would not have exceeded 2008C – which is

absolutely insufficient for the thermal ionization.15

There is, by the way, one more reason that prevents us from

accepting the blast wave theory as a satisfactory explanation of the

Tunguska geomagnetic storm. All specialists agree that the artificial

geomagnetic effects, discovered in the nuclear tests of 1958, were

very similar to that recorded in 1908. The shapes of the curves, the

relative durations, and the amplitudes of various phases are practi-

cally the same. So, Victor Zhuravlev drew the attention of the

Tunguska research community to a very simple error that had

been made by the supporters of the blast wave hypothesis.

As it follows from the models of Ivanov’s and Kovalevsky’s,

both hard radiation and the blast wave could have led to the same

result, that is, to the local geomagnetic effects. Well, let’s accept for a while that the Tunguska explosion was not accompanied by hard

radiation and the Tunguska geomagnetic storm was produced by

nothing but its blast wave. But then, it means that after a nuclear

explosion two geomagnetic effects would have been produced. The

first generated by the hard radiation and the second by the blast

wave. Since the velocity of propagation of hard radiation exceeds

that of the blast wave by many thousands of times, the interval

between them would have been about 5 min. Why, then, did the

The Third Key

169

high-altitude nuclear explosions in the atmosphere produce only

one geomagnetic storm from the hard radiation of the fiery ball?

Where is the second from the blast wave?

Can we suppose that the blast wave of a high-altitude nuclear

explosion traveled through the ionosphere not disturbing the geo-

magnetic field, whereas the same wave from the Tunguska explo-

sion did disturb it? No, we cannot. If a blast wave could have

produced the local geomagnetic effect, the high-altitude nuclear

tests would have recorded ‘‘paired’’ geomagnetic storms – from the

hard radiation of the fiery ball and from the blast wave.

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