OECD Skills Strategy Slovak Republic by OECD

Author:OECD
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: employment/industry/socialissues/governance/education
Publisher: OECD Publishing
Published: 2020-01-27T00:00:00+00:00

Box 3.5. Relevant international examples: Supporting recent reforms in secondary VET institutions

Expanding work-based learning: Training associations in Switzerland and Austria

In Switzerland, the government established vocational training associations (Lehrbetriebsverbünde) through the 2004 Act on VET. These are associations of two or more training firms that share apprentices, with training organised across several firms on a rotating basis. The aim is to allow firms that lack the capacity and resources to provide the full training of an apprentice to be engaged, and to lower the financial and administrative burden on individual firms. The confederation subsidises associations with initial funding during the first three years for marketing, administrative and other costs necessary to set up the joint training programme. After this initial support, training associations are supposed to be financially independent. An evaluation (Resultate Evaluation Lehrbetriebsverbünde, OPET, Bern) found that most firms participating in training associations would not have engaged in training otherwise.

Austria complements training associations with direct subsidies. Companies that cannot fulfil certain standards (e.g. because they are too small or too specialised) may form training alliances (Ausbildungsverbünde) to share apprentices. Alliances of training firms are supervised at the state level by apprenticeship offices (Lehrlingsstellen), but business organisations help to find partners for firms willing to create new training alliances. An evaluation has suggested that training alliances in Austria help to improve the quality of apprenticeship provision. In Austria, tax incentives were abolished in 2008 and replaced by direct subsidies for apprenticeships. The Ministry of Economics and Labour concluded that the tax incentive scheme failed to target companies that would benefit most from additional support for apprenticeships.

Source: Kuczera, M. (2017[44]), Incentives for apprenticeship, https://doi.org/10.1787/55bb556d-en; Kuczera, M., V. Kis and G. Wurzburg (2009[45]), OECD Reviews of Vocational Education and Training: A Learning for Jobs Review of Korea, https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264113879-en.

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