Excel 2019 for Educational and Psychological Statistics by Thomas J. Quirk

Author:Thomas J. Quirk
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783030392642
Publisher: Springer International Publishing

Now, let’s use the second formula for the two-group t-test which we use whenever either one group, or both groups, have less than 30 people in them.

Objective: To use Formula #2 for the two-group t-test when one or both groups have less than 30 people in them

Now, let’s look at the case when one or both groups have a sample size less than 30 people in them.

5.3 Formula #2: One or Both Groups Have Less Than 30 People in Them

Suppose that a school principal wanted to try out a new method of teaching reading to fourth graders and to compare it to the traditional method of teaching reading in her school. She obtained permission from the school superintendent to do a “pilot test” using two teachers from her school that she considered to be of comparable teaching ability, education, degrees earned, and years of teaching experience. The method of teaching reading that has been used by this school was called the “traditional approach,” while the new method of teaching reading was called the “experimental approach.” Suppose, further, that these two classes of students had very similar grade equivalent scores in Reading Comprehension at the end of the third grade.

Each of these teachers used just their assigned method of teaching reading, and both teachers taught reading the same amount of time during the school year. At the end of the year, both classes took the Iowa Test of Basic Skills (ITBS) and the grade equivalent scores (GE) in Reading Comprehension were recorded to compare the reading achievement scores of these two classes. For example, a GE score of 4.8 would mean that this pupil was reading at the same developmental level that was typical of a fourth grade pupil in the eighth month of the school year.

Suppose that you have been asked to analyze the data from the Reading Comprehension test scores and to compare the scores of the two classes of pupils using the two-group t-test for independent samples. The hypothetical data is given in Fig. 5.13:

Fig. 5.13Worksheet Data for Reading Comprehension Scores (Practical Example)

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