Evolutionary Psychology by David M Buss

Author:David M Buss [Buss, David M]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781138088184
Publisher: Taylor and Francis
Published: 2019-03-29T05:00:00+00:00

Costs were measured on a 7-point scale by independent raters.

Figure 9.2 Distribution of Charity Offers in Public and Anonymous Groups as a Function of the Perceived Cost of the Altruistic Action

Source: Bereczkei, T., Birkas, B., & Kerekes, Z. (2010). Altruism toward strangers in need: Costly signaling in an industrial society. Evolution and Human Behaviour, 31, 95–103. Reprinted with permission from Elsevier.

Should Altruism Be Defined According to the Cost Incurred?

According to existing evolutionary theories about the evolution of altruism, altruism is not considered to have occurred unless the individual incurs a cost. In kin selection, the person incurs a cost to the self that is offset by the benefit gained by a genetic relative. In reciprocal altruism, the person incurs a cost to the self that is later offset by a benefit gained when the friend returns the favor. In short, altruism has been defined by the costs the altruist incurs.

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