Collaborative Archaeology at Stewart Indian School by Sarah E. Cowie;Diane L. Teeman;Christopher C. LeBlanc;

Author:Sarah E. Cowie;Diane L. Teeman;Christopher C. LeBlanc; [Неизв.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781948908269
Publisher: Chicago Distribution Center (CDC Presses)

The vast quantity and variety of artifacts collected from TU 3 is significant evidence of the unit being associated with a burn pile. It was possibly a trash pile from the original school building since many of the artifacts are associated with children and school items.

TU 4

TU 4 was located in the far southeast corner of Grid EF immediately adjacent to a large tree on the edge of the grid. Similar to TU 3, this unit also included a solid layer of charcoal that was discovered at approximately twenty-eight centimeters below datum. Directly beneath the charcoal was a layer of hard pan, or tightly packed soil, that was yellowish-brown in color—indicating burned earth. As with TU 3, TU 4 is most likely associated with a burned trash pile. The majority of the artifacts were extremely crushed and/or fire affected, making it even more likely that the items were pushed into a specific area and then burned as a method of disposal.

The presence of a U.S. one cent piece from 1944, found in Level 1, provides an approximate date for the last soil deposit in this unit. The buttons from TU 4 can provide dates for the charcoal layer and the artifacts associated with the burn pile. A military button from Level 3 with a maker’s mark reading “Waterbury Button Co.” provides a date range from 1849 to 1943, which is when the Waterbury Button Companies Inc., of Waterbury, Connecticut, was using that maker’s mark (Luscomb 2006, 220). Another military button with the exact same maker’s mark was found in Level 4, but unlike the former, this button shows signs of damage caused by fire. In addition to the button chronology, a zipper pull provides an earliest possible date of 1913 for Level 2 since this is when the zipper became a common addition to clothing items after improvements were made after its 1893 patent date (Panati 1987, 316–17).

Other items found in this unit would be expected at the school building, including artifacts such as a jewelry clasp, porcelain doll fragments, clothing items, and slate pencil fragments. It is very likely that the burn pile is directly associated with TU 3 and possibly with items discarded from the original school building.

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