Archaeology: World Archaeology: An Introductory Guide to Archaeology (Archaeology, Archaeology and Land, Archaeology Mysteries, World Archaeology) by Clarke Miles

Author:Clarke, Miles [Clarke, Miles]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Miles Clarke
Published: 2015-10-31T16:00:00+00:00

Archaeological Developments of the 20th Century

Archaeology was defined as a discipline during the 20th Century and it was extended further from the old favorite archaeological sites; Near East, the Mediterranean, and Europe to the rest of the world. Excavations at Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa, in present Pakistan, proclaimed the existence of the Indus civilization. In Eastern China, An-yang unleashed the existence of prehistoric Shang dynasty which is proof of ancient Chinese culture.

The Stone Age was continued to be studied by archaeologists during the 20th Century and more astounding discoveries were made which includes, revelations by L.S.B. Leakey, of stone tools and skeletal remains of early man dating back 2,000,000 years in the Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania. Some Neolithic archaeological sites were exhumed at Jericho in Palestine; Hassuna, Iraq; Catalhuyuk, Turkey; and other parts of the Near East. These findings established the inception of agriculture.

Archaeology took speed in America much later than it did in Europe. The earliest discoveries in America were during 1784, by Thomas Jefferson who excavated peats and barrow in Virginia. Prehistoric America, was discovered to great extents during the 20th Century, and the most spectacular discoveries was that of the domesticated crops, Maize in Central America, and the Olmec civilization in Mexico (1000 – 300 BC). This is by far the oldest civilizations to have walked the earth. During the 20th Century, archaeology developed as an academic discipline, and most of the well-established universities around the world have professors and a department of archaeology. There have been studies, research, books and journals in this field of study that aim at helping everyone understand archaeology as a subject.

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