Philosophy Made Simple by Richard H. Popkin

Author:Richard H. Popkin
Language: eng
Format: mobi, epub
ISBN: 9780307823250
Publisher: Crown Publishing Group
Published: 2012-07-26T04:00:00+00:00

Philosophy and religion

The age-old concern of humankind with religious questions, many of which antedated the earliest beginnings of philosophy, has led various thinkers to inquire into the meaning of the claims made by different religions, the evidence upon which these claims are based, the standards that can be employed in evaluating their merits, and whether these claims can be made part of a general theory about the nature of the universe. Some of the philosophers who have raised these questions have been interested in showing the plausibility or reasonableness of certain religious views. Others have sought to disprove, or render doubtful, certain religious views. Some have regarded the problems involved neutrally, merely trying to ascertain whether any special kinds of knowledge and concepts are involved in religious matters, and whether any special standards need be employed. Thus, for some philosophers, the philosophy of religion has involved an attempt to find a rational justification or explanation of their religion, for some it has been an attempt to justify or explain the grounds or basis of their disbelief, and for others it has been merely an attempt to examine another area of human interest and experience.

In this section, we shall explore some of the problems of the philosophy of religion and some of the major theories that have been offered, including some views that have been used to justify or explain some of the major religious beliefs in the Judeo-Christian-Islamic tradition, and some of those that have been advanced in favor of atheism. We shall first deal with the problem of religious knowledge.

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