What the Koran Really Says by Ibn Warraq

Author:Ibn Warraq
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Published: 2010-08-19T06:38:00+00:00

al-Ya`qubi, Ahmad B. Ishaq, al-Tarih. Beirut, 1960.

Yaqut, Mu'gam al-buldan. Beirut, 1957.

al-Zaggag, Abu Ishaq, Ma`ani al-Qur'an wa-i`rabuhu. Edited by `Abd al-Galil Salabi. Beirut, 1988.

al-Zamah"sari, al-Fa'iq ft garib al-hadit. Edited by 'Ali al-Bigawi-Abu 1-Fadl Ibrahim. Cairo, 1979.

al-Ka§.af an haga'iq al-tanzil. Cairo, 1966.

NOTES

1. See, e.g., Mugahid, Tafsir, I, 276.

2. For the history of the term gizya see Claude Cahen, s.v. "Djizya," EI (see. ed.). For more bibliography, see M. G. Morony, Iraq after the Muslim Conquest (Princeton, 1984), pp. 584-88.

3. See Tabari, Tafsir, X, 76-77; Huwwari, II, 125; Ibn Hisam, IV, 192-3; P. Crone, Meccan Trade (Princeton, 1987), p. 172. Both verses seem to form part of the proclamation of the Bara'a, for which see Uri Rubin, "Bara'a: A Study of Some Quranic Passages," Jerusalem Studies in Arabic and Islam 5 (1984): 13-32.

4. The following tafsir compilations are used: Abu Hayyan, V, 30; Bagawi, III, 65; Baydawi, I, 196; Gassas, IV, 292-3; Huwwari, II, 125; Ibn al-Arabi, Ahkam, II, 922-23 (the author's numbering of the various interpretations is followed); Ibn al-Gawzi, Zad al-masir, III, 420; Ibn Qutayba, Garib, 184; Ibn Zamanin, 125; Mugatil, I, 152 b; Qurtubi, VIII, 115; Razi, XVI, 30; Suyuti, Dur, III, 228; Tabarsi, X, 45; Tusi, Tabyan, V, 203; Zaggag, Mayan!, II, 442; Zamahgari, Iaf, II, 184.

5. Ibn al-Arabi no. 9; Baydawi; Abu Hayyan.

6. See Fath al-ban, III, 233 f.

7. See P. Crone and M. Hinds, God's Caliph (Cambridge, 1986), p. 68.

8. See, e.g., Abu <Ubayd, Amwal, no. 106; Ya`qubi, II, 152; Yahya b. Adam, no. 226, 232, 236; Abu Yusuf, Harag, 136. See, also ibid., 14-15; Tabarani, Kabir, XVIII, no. 654; Magma' al-zawa'id, VI, 16.

9. See Abu 'Ubayd, Amwal, no. 114; Kanz, IV, no. 11478. And see the statement of Ibn Abbas transmitted by Ma`mar b. Ragid to the effect that the taxes imposed on ahl al-dimma should be confined to the `afw, i.e., to their spare property, 'Abd al-Razzaq, X, no. 19277; VI, no. 10122; Ibn Abi Sayba, XII, no. 12687; Yahya b. Adam, no. 233; Bayhagi, Sunan, IX, 205. Cf. Abu 'Ubayd, Amwal, no. 253.

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