The watchmakers' lathe, its use and abuse; a story of the lathe in its various forms, past and present, its construction and proper uses by Goodrich Ward L

Author:Goodrich, Ward L. [from old catalog]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: Clocks and watches, Lathes
Publisher: Chicago, Hazlitt & Walker
Published: 1903-03-25T05:00:00+00:00

subjecting it to heat enough to burn the thinner portions while tempering.

When one stops to consider the air of mystery which many persons endeavor to cast around the operations and processes in the various trades, it is not all surprising to note that the hardening and tempering of steel has indeed had its full share of attention from these wise men, if we may judge by the many recipes to be found in almost every book touching upon the subject of steel.

The wide differences in the results obtained from a piece of steel which has been properly manipulated, and one from the same bar which has been improperly handled in the heating and hardening processes, may, perhaps, have had something to do with the mystery, for, while there seems scarcely any reasonable limit to the capabilities of good steel when properly treated, on the other hand, the same steel, if heated higher than is absolutely necessary in order to insure a proper hardening, will be made so brittle and unfit to serve any useful purpose that we might just as well have used the poorest quality instead. While we do not wish to be classed as pessimistic in our views upon the subject, we do feel that it is our duty to cast aside this mystic robe and give the reader solid facts, which are in keeping with the advancement and enlightenment of the twentieth century. Steel differs principally from, its basis (iron, which is an elementary substance) in the amount of carbon it contains.

The amount of carbon contained ranges from nothing in wrought or malleable iron up to one and one-half to two per cent in steel suitable for making cutting tools, and with five per cent of carbon we have a cast iron.

It is somewhat difficult to specify just where malleable iron leaves off and steel commences, for the best authorities differ on the subject. That variety which contains an insufficient amount of carbon to cause it to harden thoroughly, such as would be required for a drill or turning tool, is

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