Shi'I Islam by Moojan Momen

Author:Moojan Momen
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781780747880
Publisher: Oneworld Publications
Published: 2015-09-22T16:00:00+00:00

7.

Futuwwah (chivalric brotherhoods)

In the cities of the Sunni Islamic world, particularly from the tenth century onwards, fraternities grew among the guilds, merchants and artisan classes of the Islamic cities that held to ideals of courage, comradeship and assistance to the weak. They were known as futuwwa (in Persian ayyar or javanmardi and in Turkish akhi) which can be considered to denote ‘having the qualities of youthful manliness’. The youth on which they modelled themselves was the Imam ‘Ali, based on the Tradition of the Prophet: ‘There is no more chivalrous youth (fata) than ‘Ali’. These futuwwah sometimes acted as vocational guilds, sometimes as Sufi orders and sometimes became no more than gangs of street thugs.

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