Quantum Physics for Beginners: Understand the World Around You Thanks to Quantum Physics, Explained in a Simple Way and Applied to Real Life by Connelly Peter

Author:Connelly, Peter [Connelly, Peter]
Language: eng
Format: epub, pdf
Published: 2020-09-26T00:00:00+00:00

Postulates of Special Relativity

The rules of motion are alike in each inertial frame of credentials. An inertial frame is a non-accelerating frame of reference.

The speed of light is the same independent of the observer. Physical laws must be the same for anyone, anywhere in the universe. Also, the speed of light is the cosmic speed limit. Nothing can go faster than the speed of light. This rule is as natural as the rule of conservation of energy. What will happen if someone tries to move faster than the speed of light? Given that this is a fundamental law, how will nature prevent its violation?

Einstein spent months thinking about this. He finally used energy-mass equivalence to derive the answer to this problem. Suppose a body approaches very close to the speed of light. To increase the speed further, it will need to accelerate, but nature inhibits this.

Nature knows that a massive body is more difficult to accelerate than a lighter one—Newton’s second law of motion. Thus, nature would prevent the violation of the cosmic speed limit by making that body larger. As it tries to accelerate, more and more of its kinetic energy will turn into mass. It will become heavier and heavier—so much so that it will not be able to accelerate any further.

The particular theory of relativity says that quantities like time are a matter of perspective. For example, two twin brothers separate one day to test this premise. One of them leaves on a long space tour while the other stays back on Earth. When they meet again, the one who went to space will be younger. It’s called the twin paradox.

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