Nations and Nationality by Tim Cooke

Author:Tim Cooke
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Cavendish Square Publishing, LLC

PEACE

Representatives at the Peace of Westphalia agreed that rulers of a nation-state had ultimate power over what happened inside its own borders.

In addition, the peace established that all states are equal in international law, no matter how big or small the state might be.

Further dynastic wars were triggered by power struggles over the Habsburg lands in Spain and Austria. These were the wars of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) and Austrian Succession (1740–1748), respectively. England and Scotland were united first in 1603 when King James VI of Scotland inherited the English throne as James I, but the union had little initial effect. It became formal in the Acts of Union in 1707, which created the country of Great Britain.

Revolution!

The dynastic wars were a reminder that few countries yet existed as sovereign states.

UNITED KINGDOM

King James I of England ruled England and Scotland from 1603. The two kingdoms were not united until 1707.

CASUALTIES OF WAR

Europe’s dynastic wars caused tremendous casualties. No one knows exactly how many people died. These figures are an average based on different estimates.

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