Electric Vehicle Integration into Modern Power Networks by Rodrigo Garcia-Valle & João A. Peças Lopes

Author:Rodrigo Garcia-Valle & João A. Peças Lopes
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer New York, New York, NY

Since each aggregator develops its activities along a large geographical area, e.g., a country, it will be composed of two different entities: the regional aggregation unit (RAU) and the micro-grid aggregation unit (MGAU). The RAU is considered to be located at the HV/MV substation level, communicating with several downstream MGAU, which, by their turn, will be located at the MV/LV substation level. The RAU and the MGAU were created in order to decrease communication and computational burden that a real implementation of the concept would require. This will provide the aggregator preprocessed information regarding groups of EV located in the LV and MV grids. Each EV must have a specific interface unit—the vehicle controller (VC)—to enable bidirectional communication between the EV and the upstream aggregator. The VC may be located in the smart meter to which EV will be connected and the smart metering communication infrastructure should be used to support this architecture. In addition to the VC, there is a new type of element, the cluster of vehicles controller (CVC), designed to control the charging of large parking lots (e.g., shopping centers), and fed directly from the MV network. Individual controllers of EV under a CVC management do not need to have an active VC communicating with higher hierarchical controllers. During normal operation, the VC will interact with the MGAU and the CVC directly with the RAU [7].

The market operation column in the right-hand side of Fig. 6.3 presents an overview of the aggregators’ market activities.

Fig. 6.3Technical management and market operation framework for EV integration in interconnected systems

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