Effective C, 2nd Edition by Robert C. Seacord;

Author:Robert C. Seacord;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Penguin Random House LLC (Publisher Services)

Safety-Critical Systems

Systems with high safety requirements frequently ban the use of dynamic memory because memory managers can have unpredictable behavior that significantly impacts performance. Forcing all applications to live within a fixed, preallocated area of memory can eliminate these problems and make it easier to verify memory use. In the absence of recursion, alloca, and VLAs (also prohibited in safety-critical systems), an upper bound on the use of stack memory can be derived statically, making it possible to prove that sufficient storage exists to execute the functionality of the application for all possible inputs.

Both GCC and Clang have a -Wvla flag that warns if a VLA is used. GCC also has a -Wvla-larger-than=byte-size flag that warns for declarations of VLAs whose size is either unbounded or bounded by an argument that allows the array size to exceed byte-size bytes.

EXERCISES

1.  Repair the use-after-free defect from Listing 6-4.

2.  Use dmalloc to perform additional testing of the program from Listing 6-9. Try varying inputs to the program to identify other memory management defects.

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