In Pursuit of Privilege by Hood Clifton;
Author:Hood, Clifton;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: HIS036100, History/United States/New York, HIS054000, History/Social History
Publisher: Columbia University Press
Published: 2016-11-02T00:00:00+00:00
A HEIGHTENED FEDERAL PRESENCE
Tightened federal regulation of business during the 1930s and 1940s altered the political economy of New York. Another sign of this heightened federal presence was the many public improvements paid for by the New Deal that were built in this period, such as the Triborough and Bronx-Whitestone Bridges, the Brooklyn-Battery Tunnel, LaGuardia Airport, and public housing projects.53
The mobilization for World War II also changed the relationship between the federal government and New York City. The Brooklyn Navy Yard was the largest naval construction facility in the United States during the war, operating around the clock to launch vessels like the battleships Iowa and Missouri, while private shipbuilders in the region constructed hundreds more, including John F. Kennedy’s famous PT-109, which was laid down in Bayonne, New Jersey. In the 1940s New York City was still the busiest port in the country, and its transport facilities were equally vital to the war effort.54
Whereas Wall Street firms had been preeminent in organizing war finance during the Civil War, the development of an active federal government relegated Wall Street businesses to the backseat during World War II. In addition, New York City received a smaller share of the total value of war contracts for manufacturing than Detroit, Los Angeles, and northern New Jersey.55 The difficulty for New York was that military procurement agencies preferred dealing with big corporations that had large production capacities and robust supply networks—and companies in New York were typically small in scale and capitalization. And while manufacturers in New York specialized in consumer nondurables like garments, the war economy required intermediate goods (like steel from Pittsburgh) and durables (aircraft from Los Angeles, tanks from Detroit). There was a mismatch between the dictates of the war effort and the structure of New York’s urban economy.56
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