The Philosophy of Husserl by Hopkins Burt;

Author:Hopkins, Burt;
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 1968883
Publisher: Taylor and Francis

Reciprocal and asymmetrical foundational relations between reflectively and unreflectively modified lived-experiences

The “modifications” that “belong to any lived-experience as ideally inherent variations” (Ideas I, 149) in it are therefore investigated by Husserl’s pure phenomenology and articulated by him in terms of the “totality of essential modifications that any lived-experience must undergo during its originary course and, in addition, the different kinds of variations that can be conceived ideally as effected on each lived-experience by means of ‘operations’” (ibid.). Husserl characterizes every lived-experience as being what it is in an original generation of “an invariant essential type”, namely, the “continuous flow of retentions and protentions mediated by a flowing phase of [its] origination, in which the living-now of lived-experience becomes conscious in opposition to its ‘before’ and ‘after’” (ibid.). According to Husserl, the “impressions” that are exhibited in the origination of absolutely original lived-experiences are inseparable from perceptions of physical things, which means that these lived-experiences are “originary” in relation to all the ideally possible variations of lived-experiences that arise through the modifications brought about by the operations effected on each lived-experience. In general, Husserl characterizes these modifications as “re-presentations” (Vergegenwärtigung), in order to articulate that while they do indeed present the physical thing that is originally given in perception, they nevertheless do so in a manner that is not “original”. Husserl therefore contrasts the presentation of the objects of perception in “primal lived-experiences” that originally generate every lived-experience “as a flux of becoming” with those lived-experiences that, being modifications of these original lived-experience, present such objects on the basis of the mediation of re-presentational operations. Moreover, he holds that these modifications, in accordance with strict eidetic necessity, ultimately lead back to the primal lived-experiences in which the object of perception is originally given.

Under the general heading of “re-presentations” Husserl includes the presentations given in recollection (memory contents connected with contents presently given in lived-experience) and anticipation, in fantasy (i.e. images) and, of course, in reflection. Husserl therefore maintains that the modifications of lived-experiences brought about by the re-presentations generated by these operations ultimately lead back to certain primal lived-experiences, which, as a consequence of their being “absolutely” unreflectively modified, have “only one, but also a continuously flowing, absolutely originary phase – the moment of the living-now” (Ideas I, 149–50). Husserl understands each such originary lived-experience to be “concrete”, in the precise sense of its independence, as an individual stream of lived-experience, from the givenness of the modifications that are founded on its absolutely originary givenness. However, because it is only through reflectively modified lived-experiences that anything can be known about the stream of lived-experiences generally, and, therefore, about any given concrete lived-experience, the independence characteristic of the concretion of any given lived-experience is relative. This independence is relative in so far as the phenomenal givenness of any lived-experience is “reciprocally” related to and therefore mutually founded on acts of reflection. Thus, for Husserl, the givenness of any one of the possible modifications that are ideally inherent in any concrete lived-experience is

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