The Little Book of Big History: The Story of Life, the Universe and Everything by Crofton Ian & Black Jeremy

Author:Crofton, Ian & Black, Jeremy [Crofton, Ian]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781782434306
Publisher: Michael O'Mara
Published: 2016-06-23T04:00:00+00:00

CLASHES OF CIVILIZATIONS

The emergence of two aspiring world religions – Christianity and Islam – within a few hundred years of each other led to centuries of conflict, which many of the protagonists viewed in terms of good versus evil, light versus darkness. But was it really a battle of ideologies, or more simply a matter of vying for power and material possessions, using religion as a moral justification?

The Byzantine empire was the first part of Christendom to feel the military impact of Islam. In the 630s and 640s, shortly after the death of Muhammad, the Byzantines lost Egypt, North Africa, Palestine and Syria to the Arabs. Then in the 11th century new pressure came from the Muslim Seljuk Turks to the east, who destroyed the Byzantine army at the battle of Manzikert in 1071 and conquered Anatolia.

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