The Landscape of Global Health Inequity by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9783031605024
Publisher: Springer Nature Switzerland

1.2 National Nutrition Surveillance Programs Across Different Regions

Following the establishment of a nutrition surveillance system through collaboration among key international organizations, many countries also started to build their own nutrition surveillance systems, considering their unique situations and capabilities and employing various methodologies.

Only a few countries have established nutrition surveillance systems in the EMRO [5]. In 2023, a review of the nutrition surveillance system was conducted in the EMRO region [9]. It should be noted that only 9 out of the 22 countries that were contacted accepted the interview. The countries that agreed to participate were Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Morocco, Sudan, Yemen, Syria, and Palestine. The findings of the review highlighted that the EMRO countries predominately relied on secondary data collected from health facilities. Some countries also supplemented their primary dataset with additional information from existing health surveys conducted at sentinel sites, while others adopted a triangulation approach by incorporating data from sources like communities and schools. Regarding the data collection, anthropometrics, micronutrients, food security, and nutrition transient are the primary components of the data collected in the nutrition surveillance system, however, it was observed that most countries only collected one or two indicators under each component. Specifically, wasting, stunting, overweight and obesity, and screening for anemia were covered by all countries included in the study. Notably, the review did not reveal any systematic dietary assessment mentioned among the countries participating in the study.

In another systematic review published in 2023, nutrition surveillance programs were reviewed in 18 middle- and low-income countries from Southeast Asia (SEARO) and Western Pacific (WPRO) regions [10]. Across these countries, the majority have implemented national programs dedicated to gathering data on nutrition and diet-related outcomes. All 18 countries in SEARO and WPRO regions collect anthropometric data, such as weight and height, with an additional inclusion of waist and hip circumferences in most cases. A few countries extended data collection on food insecurity and nutrition transient. All indicators collected across countries were varied by different population subgroups and intervals of surveys. The quantity and types of indicators differed among distinct population subgroups in various countries, and survey intervals also exhibited variations across nations. Another commonality is that all countries in the study periodically collect dietary intake data, mostly using frequency questionnaires, albeit with variations in questionnaire length and a focus on different aspects. Specific instances include questionnaires tailored to the school-based Student Health Survey and the WHO Stepwise approach to noncommunicable disease risk factors. Out of the 18 countries, 8 exclusively collect data on individual nutrition and diet-outcome indicators through an established national nutrition surveillance program on a continuous scale (Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam), 8 countries conducted large-scale periodic national nutrition surveys (Bhutan, Brunei Darussalam, China, Democratic People's Republic of Korea, India, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste, Thailand and Viet Nam), and 3 countries developed National micronutrient status surveys (Bangladesh, Nepal and Viet Nam).

A review conducted in 2016 found that in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region, 22 of the 46 LAC countries and territories had at least one nationally representative survey (e.

Download

Copyright Disclaimer:
This site does not store any files on its server. We only index and link to content provided by other sites. Please contact the content providers to delete copyright contents if any and email us, we'll remove relevant links or contents immediately.