Non-Drug Treatments for ADHD by Richard P. Brown
Author:Richard P. Brown
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company
Published: 2012-05-06T16:00:00+00:00
Oppositional defiant disorder describes children who show a pattern of negativistic, hostile, defiant behavior more frequently than is typical for children their age. These behaviors must be severe enough to cause significant impairment in social or academic functioning. Some children have both ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder. A mixture of DHA, EPA, AA, and ALA was used in a study of ADHD children. Significant improvements were found in teacher ratings of attention and parent ratings of oppositional defiant disorder, but not on measures of other symptoms (Stevens et al., 2003).
Another study—a 15-week randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study—compared children with different symptoms of ADHD. One group had oppositional behavior symptoms; the second group had less hyperactive/impulsive symptoms; and the third group had both oppositional behavior and less hyperactivity/impulsivity. The children were given either one capsule per day of PlusEPA (containing 500 mg EPA plus 2.7 mg DHA + 10 mg vitamin-E-mixed tocopherols) or a placebo (Gustafsson et al., 2010).
• Among those with oppositional behavior symptoms, 52% of the children given PlusEPA showed at least 25% improvement in oppositional behaviors and attention, but not in hyperactivity, on the Conners Teacher Rating Scales (CTRS), compared to 9% in the placebo group.
• 36% of children with less hyperactivity/impulsivity symptoms reported more than 25% improvement on the CTRS, but this was not statistically significant compared to the placebo group (18%).
• Children with both oppositional behavior and less hyperactivity/impulsivity had a 61% rate of response to PlusEPA, with more than 25% improvement on CTRS, compared to 11% with placebo.
Overall, children with both oppositional behavior and less hyperactive/impulsivity showed the highest rate of response to a combination of EPA, DHA, and vitamin E.
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