Lincoln Castle Revealed by Jonathan Clark

Lincoln Castle Revealed by Jonathan Clark

Author:Jonathan Clark
Language: eng
Format: epub
Tags: SOCIAL SCIENCE / Archeology
Publisher: Oxbow Books
Published: 2021-11-15T00:00:00+00:00


Notes

1 Vincent 2012, 23–26, 38–40; Carpenter 2015, 53–55.

2 Turner 2009, 102–103.

3 Carpenter 2015, 53–54.

4 The Charter is periodically taken off display in order to allow the parchment to rest.

5 Turner 2009, 180.

6 Hill 1948, 199.

7 Warren 1991, 254–255.

8 Carpenter 1990, 12.

9 Carpenter 1990, 19–21.

10 Giles 1849, 394–397

11 A detailed consideration of events and the context of the battle can be found in Carpenter 1990.

12 Carpenter 1990, 50–51.

13 CCR 1247–51, 8.

14 Brown et al. 1963, 705.

15 In 1217–18, Nicholaa de la Haye received 40 marks for repairs and 60 marks for improvements, while in the same year a further 40 marks was to be paid by the Mayor and Provosts of Lincoln for repairs to the castle; PR 2 Henry III, 94.

16 Brown et al. 1963, 705.

17 PR 8 Henry III, 49–50.

18 See Digest of Evidence 8, Post-Roman pottery.

19 Hartshorne 1850, 44.

20 CLR 1226–1240, 62.

21 CLR 1226–1240, 127.

22 CLR 1226–1240, 134.

23 Brown et al. 1963, 705.

24 Many scholars have suggested a 13th-century date for the tower, although there does not appear to have been an awareness of the 1233 reference. A full discussion of possible construction dates can be found in Renn 2004.

25 Translated from ‘De turri Linc’.—Mandatum est eidem P. quod habere faciat vicecomiti Linc’ xl. quercus in bosco de Axiholm, qui est in custodia regis, ad operationem cusdam (sic) turris quam fieri facit per preceptum regis in castro Linc’. Teste ut supra. Per ipsum regem coram Wintoniensi.’; CCR 1231–4, 246.

26 ‘De operatione castri Linc’.—Mandatum est majori Linc’ quod duos quod duos probos homines de villa Linc’, de quibus confidit, eligat et assignet ad operationem castri Linc’ custodiendam. Teste ut supra. Per episcopum Wintoniensem.’; CCR 1231–4, 246.

27 Tyerman 1988, 99–101.

28 Willson Collection 786/G, 65.

29 Willson Collection 786/G, 65.

30 Clifford’s Tower, York Castle, was fitted out to receive the Exchequer in 1322. A timber screen was to be installed ‘behind the clerks of the Receipt’ measuring 17 ft long and 7 ft high constructed of oak boards, with a top rail and three posts. A door was adjacent to this screen which led to the Receipt (Ashbee 2003). The implied geography of the Receipt is of some interest with the main office behind the screen and the clerks sat in front of the screen – the ‘front of house’. The lost partition in Cobb Hall could also have supported such an arrangement.

31 FAS Heritage 2008c.

32 Champion 2015, 67.

33 Champion 2015, 55.

34 Willson Collection 786/G/65.

35 Champion 2015, 118.

36 Champion 2015, 168.

37 Interpretation of heraldic graffiti can be problematic due to the lack of colour meaning that several families could potentially be identified.

38 McCarthy, Summerson and Annis 1990, 169; Champion 2015, 115–116.

39 The lion and monarch statue remains inside the castle, at the time of publication located outside Cobb Hall.

40 See Digest of Evidence 8, Post-Roman pottery.

41 22/F118 was identified as a small sill beam foundation was identified and consisted of a linear arrangement of limestone rubble with vestigial lime mortar bonding oriented west–east abutting the west side of Structure 8 wall 22/F109 and disappearing west beyond the limit of intervention.



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