Italy and the East Roman World in the Medieval Mediterranean by Thomas J. MacMaster Nicholas S.M. Matheou

Author:Thomas J. MacMaster, Nicholas S.M. Matheou [Thomas J. MacMaster, Nicholas S.M. Matheou]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781138091313
Barnesnoble:
Publisher: Taylor & Francis
Published: 2021-08-25T00:00:00+00:00

Notes

* I would like to thank the National Endowment of the Humanities and the Professional Staff Congress of CUNY for their generous financial support of this project. Additionally I would like to thank my dissertation director, Richard Gyug, for his supporting my work on Ravenna from start to finish, archaeologists Enrico Cirelli and Andrea Augenti for their generosity and collaboration, as well as Deborah Deliyannis and Tom Brown for their encouragement and insight.

1 T.S. Brown, “Romanitas and Campanilismo: Agnellus of Ravenna’s View of the Past”, in The Inheritance of Historiography 350–900, ed. Christopher Holdsworth and T.P. Wiseman (Exeter: University Publications, 1986), 107–114.

2 Enrico Zanini, Le Italie Bizantine: Territorio, insediamenti ed economia nella provincia bizantina d’Italia (VI – VIII secolo) (Bari: Edipuglia, 1998), 61; Noble, The Republic of St. Peter, 6.

3 However, Byzantine and papal sources stress continuity and make no distinction between the imperial government before and after Ostrogothic period, and thus refer to the Byzantine government as Roman. Nevertheless, historians typically use the term. “Byzantine Italy” for Roman areas after Justinian’s reconquest of the peninsula in order to contrast the pre- and post-Ostrogothic periods, and to distinguish between the Byzantine government in general with the Romans of the city and duchy of Rome (cf. Chris Wickham, Framing the Early Middle Ages: Europe and the Mediterranean, 400–800 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004, 33–37). In this chapter, “Roman” refers to the population of Italy which saw itself as such, and Byzantine to the east Roman/Byzantine government.

4 Thomas F. X. Noble, The Republic of St. Peter: The Birth of the Papal States 680–825 (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1984), 6–9.

5 See Nicole Lopez-Jantzen, “Kings of All Italy? Overlooking Political and Cultural Boundaries in Lombard Italy”. Medieval Perspectives 29 (2014): 75–92.

6 C.f. Zanini, Le Italie Bizantine, 21; Salvatore Cosentino, Storia dell’Italia Bizantina (VI–XI secolo): da Giustiniano ai Normanni (Bologna: Bononia University Press, 2008).

7 Zanini, Le Italie Bizantine, 21; Cosentino, Storia dell’Italia Bizantina, 94.

8 Brown, Gentlemen and Officers, 148–150.

9 Zanini, Le Italie Bizantine, 99; Noble, Republic of St. Peter, 43.

10 Zanini, Le Italie Bizantine, 70–1, 99–100; Cosentino, Storia dell’Italia Bizantina, 63, 239–241.

11 Caroline Goodson, The Rome of Pope Paschal I: Papal Power, Urban Renovation, Church Building and Relic Translation, 817–824 (Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 2014), 67.

12 Noble, Republic of St. Peter, 39–40; Vivien Prigent, “Les Empereurs Isauriens et la Confiscation des Patrimoines Pontificaux d’Italie du Sud”, Mélanges de l’École Français de Rome 116.2 (2004), 565–578, 592–594. Prigent argues that Leo III made administrative and fiscal changes beginning perhaps even before 732/3, but the seizure of the papal patrimony in southern Italy did not occur until the 740s. As Paolo Delogu notes, although the popes participated in the administration of the city, they could not exercise secular government in their own right, even as stand-ins for Byzantine officials. Through the seventh century, representatives from the exarch in Ravenna administered the city with the support of the popes. See Delogu, “The Papacy, Rome and the Wider World”, 199.

13 Deborah Deliyannis, Ravenna in Late Antiquity (Cambridge: Cambridge

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