Fighting Machines by Dan Saxon;

Author:Dan Saxon;
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Lightning Source Inc. (Tier 2)
Published: 2021-01-15T00:00:00+00:00

Chapter 3

1. K. Marlantes, What It Is Like to Go to War (London: Corvus, 2012), p. 44 (emphasis in original).

2. “As a rational being he necessarily wills that all capacities in him be developed, because they serve him and are given to him for all sorts of possible purposes.” I. Kant, Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, M. Gregor and J. Timmerman (eds. and trans.) (Cambridge University Press, 2012), vol. 4, p. 423.

3. O. Ulgen, “Autonomous Weapons and Human Dignity,” Lecture at Winter Academy on Artificial Intelligence and International Law, Asser Institute, The Hague, 22 January 2020.

4. United States v. Windsor, 570 U.S. 744 (2013), p. 22.

5. R. Dworkin, Justice for Hedgehogs (Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 2011), p. 223.

6. Dworkin, Justice for Hedgehogs, pp. 107, 119, and 192–93.

7. J. Waldron, “Dignity, Rights and Responsibilities” (2011) 43 Arizona State Law Journal 1107, p. 1121.

8. Waldron, “Dignity, Rights and Responsibilities,” at 1122 (citing M. Weber, Politics as a Vocation [1919]).

9. For example, Australia, Commonwealth Electoral Act 1918-Sect 245 (1), “Compulsory Voting,” http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/cea1918233/s245.html; Argentina, Codigo Electoral Nacional, Ley No. 19,495, capítulo 1, “Deber a Votar,” artículo 12, http://infoleg.mecon.govar/infolegInternet/anexos/15000-19999/19442/texact.htm; Peru, Ley Orgánica de Elecciones, “Ejercício del Derecho al Voto,” artículo 7, http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Electoral/Peru/leyelecciones.pdf. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that “[o]ther rights, even the most basic, are illusory if the right to vote is undermined.” Wesberry v. Sander, 376 U.S. 1 (1964), p. 17.

10. Constitution of the Republic of South Africa Act 200 of 1993, chapter 2 (5), http://www.govza/documents/constitution/constitution-republic-south-africa-act-200-1993#Citizenship and Franchise.

11. D. McCullough, John Adams (New York: Simon and Schuster, 2001), p. 61.

12. Nineteenth Amendment to Constitution of the United States, https://www.congress.gov/constitution-annotated; “Equal Franchise Act 1928,” http://www.parliament.uk/about/living-heritage/transformingsociety/electionsvoting/womenvote/parliamentary-collectionsdelete/equal-franchise-act-1928/.

13. M. Ishay, The History of Human Rights: From Ancient Times to the Globalization Era (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004), p. 338.

14. Whitney v. California (Brandeis J. Concurring), 274 U.S. 357 (1927), p. 375.

15. Whitney v. California , p. 375.

16. P. Carozza, “Human Rights, Human Dignity and Human Experience,” in C. McCrudden (ed.), Understanding Human Dignity (Oxford University Press/British Academy, 2013), p. 618.

17. J. Mill, “On Liberty,” p. 61.

18. J. Mill, “On Liberty,” p. 44.

19. J. Waldron, Dignity, Rank and Rights (Oxford University Press, 2012), pp. 140–41.

20. Dworkin, Justice for Hedgehogs, p. 203.

21. J, Finnis. Natural Law and Natural Rights (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1980), pp. 88 and 100–101.

22. J. Locke, “Of Complex Ideas,” in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding” (1690), chapter 12, para. 2, ftp://ftp.dca.fee.unicamp.br/pub/docs/ia005/humanund.pdf.

23. H. Simon, Reason in Human Affairs (Stanford University Press, 1983), p. 106.

24. Dworkin, Justice for Hedgehogs, p. 224.

25. J. Seabrook, “The Next Word: Where Will Predictive Text Take Us?” New Yorker, 14 October 2019, pp. 52, 63. Seabrook describes the development of artificial intelligence software that eventually may produce writing of higher quality than that of humans.

26. A. Srinivasan, “Busy Bodies: What Termites Are Teaching Us,” New Yorker, 17 September 2018, pp. 26 and 31.

27. Many soldiers of the First and Second World Wars expressed “their sense of littleness, almost of nothingness, of their abandonment in a physical wilderness, dominated by vast impersonal forces from which even such normalities as the passage of time had been eliminated.

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