A History of Autism by Adam Feinstein

Author:Adam Feinstein
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2011-07-04T16:00:00+00:00

Age of onset, intelligence level, and organic etiology were not mentioned among these diagnostic criteria. The English summary did not specify how many items were needed for a diagnosis of autism, nor whether the autistic subjects were subgrouped.43

In 1986, Betty Jo Freeman and Ed Ritvo, at UCLA, devised the Real Life Rating Scale.44 Ritvo told me that they had developed the scale while administering fenfluramine to assess clinical changes. “The scale was used by many other professionals in their research on medications and behavioral treatments,” he said.45

The world’s first international Asperger’s syndrome conference took place in London in 1988. One of the results of this meeting was the publication of the first diagnostic criteria the following year, drawn up by Christopher Gillberg and Peter Szatmari.46 Gillberg told me that his six criteria were “based on Hans Asperger’s own descriptions—unlike the other criteria which exist.” They were:

severe impairment in reciprocal social interaction;

all-absorbing narrow interests;

imposition of routines and interests;

speech and language problems;

non-verbal communication problems; and

motor clumsiness: poor performance on neurodevelopmental examination.

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