The Scouting Guide to Wilderness First Aid by The Boy Scouts of America

Author:The Boy Scouts of America
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781510739734
Publisher: Skyhorse
Published: 2019-06-05T16:00:00+00:00

Symptoms

• Pale, white, waxy, hard skin; numbness (may feel like a “chunk of wood”).

• Blanching of extremities (pinking of nail bed after pressure takes three seconds or more).

• Blisters (clear).

• Mottled, dusky, “bluish” skin.

• After re-warming, skin is swollen, red, painful.

• May develop clear blisters

• May develop blood-filled blisters (represents a deep tissue injury).

Red Flags: Dusky mottled skin, blood-filled blisters.

Treatment

• Primary treatment is the rapid rewarming of frozen extremity only if there is no risk of refreezing.

• Thaw with non-scalding water (104°F–106°F). Water should be hot-tub temperature.

• Keep affected extremity submerged for twenty to thirty minutes, or until skin becomes soft and returns to normal color (likely need to reheat water).

• Motrin (as directed by instruction label) for pain.

• Dress with clean gauze between fingers or toes and around extremity.

• Do not rewarm with radiant heat (fire).

• Do not massage or rub with snow.

• Blisters: drain clear blisters if fluctuant and at risk for spontaneous rupture (see Blisters). Do not drain blood-filled blisters.

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