Science Book by Unknown

Author:Unknown
Language: eng
Format: mobi
Publisher: Dorling Kindersley Ltd
Published: 2020-11-25T19:47:38.780714+00:00

The first X-ray image was taken by Röntgen of his wife Anna’s hand. The dark circle is her wedding ring. On seeing the image, Anna is said to have exclaimed: “I have seen my own death”.

Using X-rays today

Today, X-rays are produced by firing a stream of electrons at a metal target. They pass through some materials better than others, and can be used to form images of the insides of the body or to detect metals in closed containers. In CT (computed tomography) scans, a computer combines a series of X-ray images to form a 3D image of the inside of the body.

X-rays can also be used to form images of very small objects, and X-ray microscopes were developed in the 1940s. The image resolution that is possible when using light microscopes is limited by the wavelengths of visible light. With their much shorter wavelengths, X-rays can be used to form images of much smaller objects. Diffraction of X-rays can be used to work out how atoms in crystals are arranged – a technique that proved crucial in elucidating the structure of DNA.

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